Propensity-Matched Analysis of Open Versus Robotic Primary Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Clinical Stage II ...
Open RPLND (O-RPLND) has been the gold standard technique for primary dissection of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes since the early 1900s. The first minimally invasive RPLND was described in 1992 by Rukstalis and Chodak. They performed a laparoscopic RPLND …